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Fall Prevention

  • Unintentional falls affect one in three adults 65 years of age and older, at least once a year.

  • Falls are the leading cause of accidental injury deaths among Idahoans aged 65 and older.  

  • Falls are also the most common cause of nonfatal injuries (such as fractures of the hip, spine, forearm, and leg) and hospital admissions for trauma. 

  • More than half of all accidental injury deaths to the 65-plus age group were due to accidental falls (CDC, 2009).

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), many people who fall develop a fear of falling which may cause them to limit their activities.  However, being less active leads to a reduction in mobility and physical fitness, which increases ones actual risk of falling (CDC, 2009).

WHAT CAUSES FALLS?
Most falls among older adults are the result of lower body weakness and problems with walking and balance. Other risks for falling include:
Taking four or more medications a day:
  • Side effects and interactions can occur when taking multiple medications and can affect balance.   
  • Side effects and interactions include: dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, weakness, irregular heartbeat, changes in blood pressure, upset stomach, constipation, diarrhea, or other unexplained health problems. 
Taking medications for anxiety, depression, mental illness, etc. 
  • These medications can cause dizziness, drowsiness, or loss of balance.
Visual impairments: 
  • Common eye conditions include cataracts, glaucoma, and macular degeneration, which impair vision and can lead to loss of balance and falls. 
Chronic health conditions:
  • Such as arthritis, osteoporosis, heart disease and diabetes.

HOW CAN FALLS BE PREVENTED?
Exercise programs have shown success in preventing falls among older adults. Many programs have shown improvements in balance, strength, felxibility, and edurance. Other successful methods to prevent falls include:  

Home safety inspections:

  • To remedy potential trip hazards, such as loose rugs and cords, slippery surfaces, unsafe stairwells, etc.
Installing safety devices:
  • Such as grab bars, railings, and improved lighting.
Vision checks:
  • At least every two years, have your vision checked to catch and manage eye conditions early.
Medication reviews:
  • Regular reviews by your physician or pharmacist will help eliminate any possible side-effects or interactions of medications.
Annual medical check-ups:
  • Stay up-to-date on your health conditions and self-management and have any health questions you may have answered by your physician.